{"id":66,"date":"2013-08-22T15:39:10","date_gmt":"2013-08-22T15:39:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/2013\/08\/22\/islensk-umraedhuhefdh-a-timum-threnginga\/"},"modified":"2021-04-14T13:37:52","modified_gmt":"2021-04-14T13:37:52","slug":"islensk-umraedhuhefdh-a-timum-threnginga","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/2013\/08\/22\/islensk-umraedhuhefdh-a-timum-threnginga\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9tt\u00b4ann sj\u00e1lfur &#8211; \u00edslensk umr\u00e6\u00f0uhef\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmum \u00ferenginga"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><strong>Sapera aude! \u2013 Immanuel Kant<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h4>\u00deegar tala\u00f0 er um \u00edslenska umr\u00e6\u00f0uhef\u00f0 dettur m\u00f6rgum \u00edslensk stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1l fyrst \u00ed hug. Enda hafa \u00feau veri\u00f0 k\u00f6llu\u00f0 \u00fdmsum n\u00f6fnum \u00fear sem \u00feau hafa j\u00f6fnum h\u00f6ndum veri\u00f0 uppnefnd og b\u00ednefnd. D\u00e6mi um sl\u00edkt eru \u201esamr\u00e6\u00f0ustj\u00f3rnm\u00e1l\u201c, \u201e\u00e1takastj\u00f3rnm\u00e1l\u201c og fleira \u00ed \u00feeim d\u00far \u00feegar m\u00f6nnum bl\u00f6skrar sandkassaleikurinn \u00e1 \u00feinginu.<\/h4>\n<p>  <!--more-->  <\/p>\n<p>\u00cd \u00feessum pistli ver\u00f0ur \u00edslensk umr\u00e6\u00f0a sko\u00f0u\u00f0 \u00fat fr\u00e1 nokkrum \u00fe\u00e1ttum eins og hvernig h\u00fan er i\u00f0ku\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feinginu, \u00ed bl\u00f6\u00f0unum og hvernig h\u00fan birtist \u00e1 net- og samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum. \u00dea\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0asta sem ver\u00f0ur sko\u00f0a\u00f0 h\u00e9r er svo hvort \u00edslensk umr\u00e6\u00f0uhef\u00f0 hafi eitthva\u00f0 breyst \u00e1 \u00feeim \u00e1rum sem li\u00f0in eru fr\u00e1 efnahagslegu hruni \u00feegar \u00f6ng\u00feveiti og svarts\u00fdni saug \u00edslensku \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ina inn a\u00f0 merg.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum vali\u00f0 a\u00f0 nota or\u00f0 Kants sem einkunnaror\u00f0 \u00feessa pistils \u00fear sem hann hvetur menn til a\u00f0 nota hyggjuviti\u00f0, a\u00f0 hafa hugrekki til a\u00f0 nota eigin skynsemi. A\u00f0 m\u00f6rgu leyti m\u00e1 rekja upphaf or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0u borgaranna \u00e1 opinberum vettvangi til \u00feeirrar vakningar sem \u00e1tti s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1lfunni vi\u00f0 d\u00f6gun uppl\u00fdsingarinnar sem reis gegn kreddufestu andlegra og veraldlegra yfirvalda og k\u00fagun borgaranna. \u00cd ritger\u00f0inni \u201eHva\u00f0 er uppl\u00fdsing?\u201c segir Kant \u00e1 einum sta\u00f0:<\/p>\n<p><em>Uppl\u00fdsing er lausn mannsins \u00far vi\u00f0jum \u00f3sj\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0is sem hann \u00e1 sj\u00e1lfur s\u00f6k \u00e1 . . . getuleysis til a\u00f0 nota eigin skynsemi \u00e1n handlei\u00f0slu annarra. Sl\u00edkt \u00f3sj\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0i kalla \u00e9g \u2018sj\u00e1lfskapa\u00f0\u2019 ef \u00fea\u00f0 stafar ekki af skorti \u00e1 skynsemi heldur af v\u00f6ntun \u00e1 hugrekki og einur\u00f0 til a\u00f0 nota skynsemi s\u00edna \u00e1n handlei\u00f0slu annarra. Sapere aude! Haf\u00f0u hugrekki til a\u00f0 nota eigin skynsemi! \u00deetta eru \u00fev\u00ed kj\u00f6ror\u00f0 uppl\u00fdsingarinnar.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>En f\u00e6rum okkur nor\u00f0ar \u00ed \u00e1lfuna og beinum sj\u00f3num okkar aftur a\u00f0 \u00cdslandi. \u00c6tli hvatningin sem Kant bl\u00e6s lesendum s\u00ednum \u00ed brj\u00f3st hafi n\u00e1\u00f0 eyrum Fr\u00f3nb\u00faans og skila\u00f0 s\u00e9r \u00ed meiri yfirvegun og sannleiks\u00e1st f\u00f3lks sem tj\u00e1ir sig \u00e1 opinberum vettvangi.<\/p>\n<h3>Afn\u00e1m flokksbla\u00f0anna og eignarhald fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0la<\/h3>\n<p>Margir muna eftir \u00feeim \u00e1rum \u00feegar flokksbl\u00f6\u00f0in voru og h\u00e9tu. \u00dea\u00f0 var h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 ganga a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed v\u00edsu a\u00f0 \u00feau endurspeglu\u00f0u p\u00f3lit\u00edska afst\u00f6\u00f0u eigenda sinna enda bla\u00f0amenn og ritstj\u00f3rar \u00feeirra rammp\u00f3lit\u00edskir. Menn l\u00e1su einfaldlega stefnu flokkanna \u00ed bl\u00f6\u00f0unum. Gott d\u00e6mi um sl\u00edkt er innganga \u00cdslands \u00ed NAT\u00d3 \u00fear sem \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0viljinn kalla\u00f0i \u00fe\u00e1 sem a\u00f0sto\u00f0u\u00f0u l\u00f6greglu, hv\u00edtli\u00f0a, eftir a\u00f0 til \u00e1taka kom fasista en Morgunbla\u00f0i\u00f0 tala\u00f0i um andst\u00e6\u00f0inga NAT\u00d3-a\u00f0ildarinnar sem \u201etrylltan skr\u00edl\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Hva\u00f0 svo sem m\u00f6nnum fannst um p\u00f3lit\u00edskar sko\u00f0anir tiltekinna flokksbla\u00f0a vissu menn \u00fe\u00f3 alltaf hvar menn st\u00f3\u00f0u. Eins og menn vita er landslagi\u00f0 \u00e1 fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lamarka\u00f0i \u00ed dag allt anna\u00f0. Miki\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 tala\u00f0 um \u00e1byrg\u00f0 fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0la \u00ed a\u00f0draganda hrunsins, a\u00f0 eigendur \u00feeirra hef\u00f0u um of veri\u00f0 tengdir fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lafyrirt\u00e6kjum sem hef\u00f0i grafi\u00f0 undan gagnr\u00fdni bla\u00f0anna \u00ed fr\u00e9ttaflutningi af fyrirt\u00e6kjum og fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lastofnunum.<\/p>\n<h3>Stemningin \u00e1 Al\u00feingi<\/h3>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er stundum sagt um menn a\u00f0 \u00feeir hafi munninn fyrir ne\u00f0an nefi\u00f0. \u00cd raun \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera g\u00f3\u00f0ur \u00ed a\u00f0 fara \u00ed manninn, einstaklinginn, og koma \u00e1 hann h\u00f6ggi \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 svara efnislega \u00feeim \u00e1bendingum og athugasemdum sem fram koma. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki gott a\u00f0 \u00e1tta sig \u00e1 \u00feessu \u00fear sem hin \u00edslenska umr\u00e6\u00f0uhef\u00f0 sker sig svo mj\u00f6g \u00far gagnvart n\u00e1granna\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0um okkar. Kannski er ein sk\u00fdringin f\u00e1menni\u00f0 e\u00f0a a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 einfaldara a\u00f0 fara \u00ed manninn heldur en a\u00f0 reyna a\u00f0 komast a\u00f0 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u me\u00f0 samr\u00e6\u00f0u.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1ri\u00f0 1896 birtist grein \u00ed Eimrei\u00f0inni eftir Valt\u00fd Gu\u00f0mundsson \u00fear sem hann gerir gagnr\u00fdna hugsun a\u00f0 umtalsefni. \u00c1 einum sta\u00f0 v\u00edkur hann a\u00f0 sm\u00e6\u00f0 samf\u00e9lagsins \u00fear sem hver \u00feekkir annan. Bendir hann \u00e1 a\u00f0 sl\u00edkt geti r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 miklu \u00ed d\u00f3mum um einstaka menn og framkomu \u00feeirra auk blindrar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernishyggju sem sj\u00e1i \u00fatlendar gr\u00fdlur \u00ed hverju horni. Valt\u00fdr bendir \u00e1 a\u00f0 sl\u00edkt \u201e\u00f6fugstreymi \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernistilfinningu er hinn mesti \u00fer\u00f6skuldur \u00ed vegi fyrir sannri gagnr\u00fdni, \u00fev\u00ed ekkert er eins h\u00e6ttulegt fyrir hana og \u00fea\u00f0, ef tilfinningin ber skynsemina ofurli\u00f0i.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u00de\u00f3tt \u00feessi grein hafi veri\u00f0 skrifu\u00f0 fyrir t\u00e6pum 120 \u00e1rum \u00e1 h\u00fan enn vi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslensku samf\u00e9lagi. Me\u00f0 greininni vill Valt\u00fdr hvetja landa s\u00edna a\u00f0 hefja sig yfir valdabr\u00f6lt og hagsmunapot og r\u00e6\u00f0a br\u00fdnustu \u00farlausnarefni \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar me\u00f0 sannleiks\u00e1stina a\u00f0 vopni \u00ed anda hreinnar kr\u00edt\u00edkur. \u00dea\u00f0 er full \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a upphafsor\u00f0 greinarinnar \u00fear sem Valt\u00fdr veltir fyrir s\u00e9r hlutverki gagnr\u00fdninnar:<\/p>\n<p><em>Eitt af \u00fev\u00ed, sem einna tilfinnanlegastur skortur er \u00e1 \u00cdslandi, er \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00e1 \u00fatlendu m\u00e1li kallast \u201ekr\u00edt\u00edk\u201c. \u00dea\u00f0 kve\u00f0ur jafnvel svo rammt a\u00f0, a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 eigum einu sinni ekki neitt or\u00f0 yfir hugmyndina \u00ed m\u00e1linu. A\u00f0 \u201ekr\u00edt\u00edsera\u201c er eiginlega \u00fea\u00f0, a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta sjer ekki n\u00e6gja a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a hlutina eins og \u00feeir l\u00edta \u00fat \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0inu, heldur leitast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 r\u00fdna \u00ed gegnum \u00fe\u00e1 og gagnsko\u00f0a, til \u00feess a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 hina innri eigin\u00acleika \u00feeirra, b\u00e6\u00f0i kosti og lesti. \u00dea\u00f0 er me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um a\u00f0 kafa \u00ed dj\u00fapi\u00f0 og s\u00e6kja b\u00e6\u00f0i gulli\u00f0 og sorann, greina \u00fea\u00f0 hvort fr\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0ru og brei\u00f0a hvorttveggja \u00fat \u00ed dagsbirtunni, svo a\u00f0 allir, sem hafa ekki sj\u00e1lfir t\u00edma e\u00f0a t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 vera a\u00f0 kafa, geti sje\u00f0, hva\u00f0 er gull og hva\u00f0 er sori. \u00deetta vir\u00f0ist oss a\u00f0 m\u00e6tti kalla \u00e1 \u00edslenzku gagnr\u00fdni og gagnr\u00fdninn \u00feann mann, sem s\u00fdnt er um a\u00f0 gagnr\u00fdna hlutina. \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Sj\u00e1lft or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u201egagnr\u00fdni\u201c hefur alltaf haft \u00e1 s\u00e9r neikv\u00e6\u00f0an bl\u00e6 \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. R\u00fdni sem gerir gagn, uppbyggilegar athugasemdir um \u00fea\u00f0 sem betur m\u00e1 fara. \u00c1bendingar sem s\u00e1 sem gagnr\u00fdndur er getur teki\u00f0 til s\u00edn, l\u00e6rt af og gert betur n\u00e6st. Ef gagnr\u00fdni er sko\u00f0u\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feennan h\u00e1tt s\u00e9st a\u00f0 h\u00fan \u00e1 ekki bara r\u00e9tt \u00e1 s\u00e9r, heldur er h\u00fan nau\u00f0synleg. H\u00fan er ekki bara nau\u00f0synleg \u00feegar sj\u00f3num er beint a\u00f0 \u00feeim a\u00f0ilum sem eru \u00ed forsvari fyrir r\u00edki\u00f0 og stofnanir \u00feess e\u00f0a listamenn heldur er h\u00fan nau\u00f0synlegur li\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00feroska mannsins \u00e1 lei\u00f0 sinni til sj\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0is sem felur \u00ed s\u00e9r \u00feekkingarleit og r\u00e9tts\u00fdni, e\u00f0a hugrekki til a\u00f0 nota eigin skynsemi eins og hj\u00e1 Kant \u00feegar hann hvatti samborgara s\u00edna \u00ed K\u00f6ningsberg til a\u00f0 beita henni \u00e1 valdat\u00edma Fri\u00f0riks II.<\/p>\n<p>St\u00f3ra spurningin er hinsvegar s\u00fa hverju \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e6ti a\u00f0 gagnr\u00fdni skuli vera jafnt eldfimt vi\u00f0fangsefni \u00e1 \u00cdslandi og raun ber vitni.<\/p>\n<p>Til a\u00f0 gagnr\u00fdni ver\u00f0i nokkurn t\u00edmann hluti af l\u00edfi mannsins ver\u00f0a \u00feeir a\u00f0 spyrja sig eftirfarandi spurningar. Vil \u00e9g hafa r\u00e9tt fyrir m\u00e9r e\u00f0a vil \u00e9g st\u00e6kka vi\u00f0 \u00feekkingarbrunn minn me\u00f0 r\u00f6kr\u00e6\u00f0um og opnum huga. Fyrir \u00fe\u00e1 sem hafna seinni valkostinum munu leyndard\u00f3mar gagnr\u00fdninnar \u00e1vallt ver\u00f0a \u00feeim loku\u00f0 b\u00f3k. \u00deekking ver\u00f0ur aldrei fasti, heldur ferli \u00fear sem \u00feekkingin er undirorpin breytingum sem geta stafa\u00f0 af n\u00fdrri \u00feekkingu e\u00f0a uppl\u00fdsingum \u00e1 tilteknu vi\u00f0fangsefni.<\/p>\n<h3>R\u00fdmisfylling t\u00f3mar\u00famsins<\/h3>\n<p>En vi\u00f0 b\u00faum ekki \u00ed t\u00f3mar\u00fami. Og hva\u00f0 sem allri \u00feekkingarleit og sannleiks\u00e1st l\u00ed\u00f0ur \u00fe\u00e1 lifum vi\u00f0 \u00f6ll \u00ed samf\u00e9lagi \u00fear sem hagsmunir tiltekinna einstaklinga munu ver\u00f0a \u00feeim sem lei\u00f0arlj\u00f3s um \u00fdmiskonar m\u00e1lefni. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 til a\u00f0 f\u00e1 samhengi \u00ed hlutina \u00fearf a\u00f0 greina fl\u00f3kin hagsmunatengsl f\u00f3lks sem myndar \u00fe\u00e9ttri\u00f0i\u00f0 net \u00feess or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0ukerfis sem skeytir engu um gagnr\u00fdni og sannleika. Vi\u00f0hald sl\u00edks or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0ukerfis getur aldrei or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00feegnum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9laga til nokkurs gagns l\u00edkt og kom \u00ed lj\u00f3s me\u00f0 harkalegum vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0um handhafa or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0unnar \u00feegar erlendar gagnr\u00fdnisraddir settu spurningamerki vi\u00f0 \u00fatb\u00f3lgi\u00f0 gengi hlutabr\u00e9fa \u00ed b\u00f6nkum.<\/p>\n<p>En \u00feegnar landsins hafa val. Viljum vi\u00f0 b\u00faa \u00ed samf\u00e9lagi hvers or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0ukerfi st\u00fdrist af hagsmunum og valdapoti e\u00f0a viljum vi\u00f0 i\u00f0ka gagnr\u00fdna hugsun og skynsemi sem \u00e1 ekki bara \u00e1 h\u00e6ttu a\u00f0 vera borin ofurli\u00f0i af tilfinningahita heldur jafnframt hagsmunag\u00e6slu. Hversu m\u00f6rg \u00e1f\u00f6ll \u00feurfa \u00cdslendingar \u00ed raun a\u00f0 upplifa til \u00feess a\u00f0 seinni m\u00f6guleikinn ver\u00f0i fyrir valinu.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sapera aude! \u2013 Immanuel Kant \u00deegar tala\u00f0 er um \u00edslenska umr\u00e6\u00f0uhef\u00f0 dettur m\u00f6rgum \u00edslensk stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1l fyrst \u00ed hug. Enda hafa \u00feau veri\u00f0 k\u00f6llu\u00f0 \u00fdmsum n\u00f6fnum \u00fear sem \u00feau hafa j\u00f6fnum h\u00f6ndum veri\u00f0 uppnefnd og b\u00ednefnd. D\u00e6mi um sl\u00edkt eru \u201esamr\u00e6\u00f0ustj\u00f3rnm\u00e1l\u201c, \u201e\u00e1takastj\u00f3rnm\u00e1l\u201c og fleira \u00ed \u00feeim d\u00far \u00feegar m\u00f6nnum bl\u00f6skrar sandkassaleikurinn \u00e1 \u00feinginu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[12],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":590,"href":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66\/revisions\/590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workspace.cohnwolfe.is\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}